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From 3 million years ago to the dawn of our era: archaeological discoveries, palaeogenetics, cave art and the great transformations of human societies.

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Upper Palaeolithic · 23/07/2026

The Lapedo Child: the little Portuguese who blended Neanderthal and sapiens

Buried beneath a Portuguese rock shelter almost 28,000 years ago, a child of four or five carries in its bones a puzzling mix of Neanderthal and modern traits. A new dating method has finally pinned down its age and reignited the debate over interbreeding between our two humanities.

Iron Age · 23/07/2026

Germany: the 2,500-year-old tomb of a Celtic aristocrat, with chariot, gold and Etruscan jug

Near Bad Camberg in Hesse, an early La Tène elite burial yielded a two-wheeled chariot, gold jewellery and an Etruscan oinochoe, evidence of a Celtic aristocracy and its Mediterranean networks.

Megalithism · 22/07/2026

Scotland: a prehistoric circle buried under peat surfaces during an equipment test

At Machrie Moor on the Isle of Arran, a survey meant to test instruments revealed an unknown 28 m circle beneath the moor: twelve pit-anomalies in a ring, perhaps a Neolithic timber or stone circle.

Peopling of the Americas

Peopling of the Americas · 22/07/2026

At Paisley Caves, weapons as old as Clovis reshape the peopling of America

Stemmed points 14,000 years old, contemporary with or older than Clovis, show that several traditions coexisted. The 'Clovis first' model crumbles further.

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Megalithism · 21/07/2026

Carnac older than Stonehenge: 49 dates make the Breton menhirs Europe's oldest megaliths

At Carnac, modelling of 49 radiocarbon dates places the first alignments between 4600 and 4300 BCE, over 1,000 years before Stonehenge. The Gulf of Morbihan, cradle of European megalithism.

Middle Palaeolithic · 20/07/2026

100,000 years ago, a Homo sapiens was stabbed in the face, the oldest documented case of violence

At Qafzeh in Israel, a healed cut on the jaw of Qafzeh 25 may be the oldest known trace of sharp-weapon violence between humans. The victim survived.

Palaeontology · 20/07/2026

Why Does Sex Exist? Environmental Stress as the Driver of Sexual Reproduction

Eukaryotes originally reproduced by cloning. But environmental stress favoured the emergence of sexual reproduction around 2 billion years ago: a strategy for producing genetically diverse offspring better suited to hostile environments.

Genetics

Genetics · 20/07/2026

Why Do We Have No Tail? A Genetic Insertion Finally Answers the Enigma

A 2024 study in <em>Nature</em> by Bo Xia and colleagues demonstrates that a mobile genetic element of the AluY type, inserted into the TBXT gene 20 to 25 million years ago, suppressed the tail in great apes and our own lineage.

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· 20/07/2026

Tooth picking in primates: fossil grooves demolish a social myth

Microscopic grooves on fossil hominin and non-human primate teeth reveal an unexpected practice: mutual tooth cleaning, a social bonding behaviour whose roots stretch back millions of years.

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